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Lenin Peace Prize
The International Lenin Peace Prize ((ロシア語:международная Ленинская премия мира)) was the Soviet Union's award named in honor of Vladimir Lenin. It was awarded by a panel appointed by the Soviet government, to notable individuals whom the panel indicated had "strengthened peace among comrades". It was founded as the International Stalin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples, but was renamed the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples ((ロシア語:Международная Ленинская премия «За укрепление мира между народами»)) as a result of destalinization. Unlike the Nobel Prize, the Lenin Peace Prize was usually awarded to several people a year rather than to just one individual. The prize was mainly awarded to prominent Communists and supporters of the Soviet Union who were not Soviet citizens. Notable recipients include: W. E. B. Du Bois, Fidel Castro, Salvador Allende, Sean MacBride, Angela Davis, Pablo Picasso, and Nelson Mandela.
==History==
The prize was created as the International Stalin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples on December 21, 1949 by ''executive order'' of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet in honor of Joseph Stalin's seventieth birthday (although this was after his seventy-first).
Following Nikita Khrushchev's denunciation of Stalin in 1956 during the Twentieth Party Congress, the prize was renamed on September 6 as the International Lenin Prize for Strengthening Peace Among Peoples. All previous recipients were asked to return their Stalin Prizes so they could be replaced by the renamed Lenin Prize. By a decision of Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 11, 1989, the prize was renamed the International Lenin Peace Prize.〔(【引用サイトリンク】date=2006-10-12 )〕 Two years later, after the USSR had collapsed, the Russian government, as the successor state to the defunct Soviet Union, ended the award program.
The International Lenin Prize should not be confused with the International Peace Prize, awarded by the World Peace Council. In 1941 the Soviet Union created the Stalin Prize (later renamed the ''USSR State Prize''), which was awarded annually to accomplished Soviet writers, composers, artists and scientists.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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